Doubts about Civilization

What is civilization?

Is civilization a universal notion?

Is it a rule that the urban is more civilized than the rural?

Is it true that the country always follow the city into so-called civilization and have to be so?If it is so, what is the exact working mechanism?

So far as China is concerned, it seems that unburnization is the only destination of modernization. Does the shrinking of rural areas really help enhance the process of civilization or unfortunately go the other way round?

In my opinion, the one-way flow of rural elites into cities provided, the worst is yet to come. With current Chinese education including little or nothing of country knowledge, the future builders of Chinese civilization have nothing but modern cities in their minds. Either longing for a better life in cities or having no feeling for the countryside, most Chinese people, whether conciously or unconciously, admire the city while ignore the country. Ironically, despite still being an agricultural society, China if not neglects at least marginalizes farmers and farming and countries in its education. The vicious circle thus begins. It is not difficult to imagine the concequences of such biased, urban-oriented education. Meanwhile, the focus on economic development whithout effective moral building has already led the outbreak of evils and malices in human nature both in city and country. The traditionally less civilized rural area, which is likely to lag behind further from the urban area in the unfair struggle for modern civilization , is witnessing and will find itself unable to get out of the dire mud. Is there any feasible method to bridge the gap between the city and the country? Or at least to stop the gap widening, to stimulate and keep a two-way interacation between them?